最新医学英语新闻孕期抽烟宝宝易患精神分

Smokingwhilepregnantlinkedtoschizophreniainoffspring孕期抽烟宝宝易患精神分裂症

WrittenbyHonorWhiteman

Published:Tuesday24May

Smokingduringpregnancyisknowntoincreasetheriskofnumeroushealthproblemsforoffspring,includingbirthdefectsandinfantdeath.Now,researcherssuggestitmayalsoaffectachildsmentalhealth,increasingtheirriskofschizophrenia.

众所周知，妈妈在孕期抽烟，其后代生病的风险会增加，包括出生缺陷、死亡等。目前，研究人员认为孕期抽烟还会影响孩子的精神健康，增加孩子患精神病的风险。

AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),in,around10percentofwomenintheUnitedStatesreportedsmokinginthelast3monthsofpregnancy,despitethehealthrisksitposesformotherandchild.

Expectantmotherswhosmokearemorelikelytohaveamiscarriage(流产)andplacental(胎盘的)problems,andbabiesborntomotherswhosmokeduringpregnancyareatgreaterriskofpretermbirth(早产),lowbirthweight,birthdefects,suchascleftlip(兔唇)orcleftpalate(腭裂),andsuddeninfantdeathsyndrome(SIDS，婴儿猝死综合征).

Increasingly,studiesaresuggestingthattobaccouseinpregnancymayalsoposerisksforachildsmentalhealth.Onestudypublishedin,forexample,identifiedalinkbetweensmokingduringpregnancyandincreasedriskofbipolardisorder(躁狂抑郁病)inoffspring.

Now,anewstudyfromthesameteam-includingseniorauthorDr.AlanBrownoftheMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthatColumbiaUniversityMedicalCenter(CUMC)-suggestschildrenborntomotherswhosmokewhilepregnantmaybemorelikelytodevelopschizophrenia.

TheresearchersrecentlypublishedtheirfindingsintheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry.

Schizophreniarisk38percenthigherforoffspringofsmokingmothers

母亲抽烟，其后代患精神分裂症的几率高达38%

Toreachtheirconclusion,theresearchersanalyzednationalregistrydataofalllivebirthsthatoccurredinFinlandbetween-,identifyingcasesofschizophreniaamongoffspring.

Theseschizophreniacaseswerematchedbysex,dateofbirth,andresidencetochildrenwithoutschizophrenia.

Themothersofthechildreninbothgroupsprovidedbloodsamplesinthefirsttrimesterandearlysecondtrimesterofpregnancy,andthesewereanalyzedforthepresenceofcotinine(可替宁，尼古丁在人体内的主要代谢物)-abiomarkerofnicotine,usedtodetermineexposuretotobaccosmoke.

Theresearchersfoundthatahigherlevelofcotinineinthebloodsamplesofexpectantmotherswasassociatedwithagreaterriskofschizophreniaamongoffspring.

Comparedwithoffspringborntomotherswhohadlownicotineexposureduringpregnancy,thoseborntomotherswithheavynicotineexposureduringpregnancywere38percentmorelikelytodevelopschizophrenia,theteamreports.

研究报告称，与那些孕期接触少量尼古丁的妈妈相比，妈妈在孕期接触大量尼古丁，其后代有38%的可能性会患精神分裂症。

Accordingtotheauthors,theirstudyisthefirsttoinvestigatetheassociationbetweenabiomarkerofmaternalsmokingandriskofschizophreniaamongoffspring.Theyadd:

Itprovidesthemostdefinitiveevidencetodatethatsmokingduringpregnancyisassociatedwithschizophrenia.Ifreplicated,thesefindingssuggestthatpreventingsmokingduringpregnancymaydecreasetheincidenceofschizophrenia.

Dr.Brownsaystheirresultshighlighttheimportanceofeducatingthepubliconthepotentialhealthrisksthatsmokingduringpregnancymayhaveforachildslong-termhealth.

Henotesthatfutureresearchonmaternalsmokingshouldfocusonidentifyingthebiologicalmechanismsthatunderliesuchhealthrisks.

Finally,itisofinteresttoexaminematernalcotinineinrelationtobipolardisorder,autism(孤独症),andotherpsychiatricdisorders,addsDr.Brown.

注释：

1.suddeninfantdeathsyndrome:

Afatalsyndromethataffectssleepinginfantsunderayearold,characterizedbyasuddencessationofbreathingandthoughttobecausedbyadefectinthecentralnervoussystem.Alsocalledcribdeath

婴儿猝死综合征：一种作用于不满周岁的熟睡中的婴儿的致命病症，其特征是呼吸突然终止，医学界认为是中央神经系统的缺陷所引起的，也作cribdeath

2.bipolardisorder:

Apsychiatricdisordercharacterizedusuallybyalternatingepisodesofdepressionandmania―calledalsomanic-depressiveillness

躁狂抑郁病：一种精神疾病，特征是时而抑郁，时而发狂，也作manic-depressiveillness

编辑：Taylor

审校：Gloria+Mr.Zhang

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